US glidermen before Operation Varsity, march 1944

March 24 1945

Operation Varsity

On 24 March 1945, as part of Operation Varsity, 4,964 paratroopers and gliders from the 17th Airborne Division were dropped in the Wesel sector of Germany.

In March 1945, the Allied armies advanced into German territory and reached the Rhine. This last rampart formed a natural barrier blocking the Allied advance into enemy territory. SHAEF decided to force its way through several areas of the Rhine. Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery drew up a plan entitled ‘Operation Plunder’, which would enable the ground forces to breach the Rhine. In order to ensure the success of the operation, an airborne component was to support the fighting on the ground, known as Operation Varsity. Three airborne divisions were initially chosen: the 6th British Airborne, and the 13th and 17th US Airborne. During the preparations, it became clear that there were not enough aircraft to transport the three airborne divisions. The 13th Airborne, which had no combat experience, was placed in reserve in France. The two remaining divisions parachuted behind German lines on 24 March 1945.

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